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-
- Description:
- Volunteer-based physical crowdsourcing systems connect individuals to make unique contributions to solve local and communal problems and enable new services. A key challenge in enabling such systems is attracting enough willing volunteers who can make useful contributions to achieve desired system goals. While most volunteer-based systems provide volunteers flexibility to...
- Subject:
- Computer science
- Creator:
- Kim, Yongsung
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15338 and etdadmin_upload_772442
-
- Description:
- Algorithmically-driven social platforms present a challenge for self-presentation and identity management by obscuring audiences behind algorithmic mechanisms. Users are increasingly aware of this and actively adapting through folk theorization, but we do not know how users are coping with the constant change endemic to these platforms. We also do not...
- Keyword:
- human computer interaction, folk theorization, lbgtq, folk theories, and algorithmic literacy
- Subject:
- Cognitive psychology, Information science, and Computer science
- Creator:
- DeVito, Michael Ann
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_779819 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15378
-
- Description:
- In this thesis we study two problems, one in unsupervised learning - k-means clustering and the other in a supervised learning setting with the presence of adversarial perturbations. We do a beyond-worst case style analysis and show that in either case instances that are resilient to adversarial perturbations are also...
- Keyword:
- Clustering, Margin Conditions, and Adversarial Learning
- Subject:
- Computer science
- Creator:
- Dutta, Abhratanu
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15301 and etdadmin_upload_765296
-
- Description:
- Commonsense inference is a critical capability of modern artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The machines need commonsense knowledge to perform tasks exactly like human being does. Learning commonsense inference from text has been a long standing challenge in the field of natural language processing due to reporting bias -- people do...
- Keyword:
- data augmentation, commonsense inference, statistical modeling in text data, NLP, deep learning, and language modeling
- Subject:
- Statistics and Computer science
- Creator:
- Yang, Yiben
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15163 and etdadmin_upload_750023
-
- Description:
- This dissertation explores the design and evaluation of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) technologies for people with aphasia. Humans use speech and language to communicate their thoughts and opinions as well as express their individuality, autonomy and agency (George Armitage Miller 1951; Ahearn 2001). Speech and language are important tools...
- Keyword:
- HCI, AAC, Accessibility, Aphasia, and Assistive Technologies
- Subject:
- Computer science
- Creator:
- Obiorah, Mmachi God'sglory
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_773811 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15351
-
- Description:
- Millions of people freelance in the growing online gig economy, making it important to advance pay equity and support freelancers in earning their livelihoods online. Compared to offline employment, freelancing introduces at least two challenges that threaten freelancers’ ability to secure work and the equitability of the gig economy: 1)...
- Keyword:
- equity, gender, human-computer interaction, freelancing, feedback, and online gig economy
- Subject:
- Computer science and Communication
- Creator:
- Foong, Eureka
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15400 and etdadmin_upload_780786
-
- Description:
- Supervised learning model is one of the most fundamental machine learning models. It can provide powerful capability of prediction by learning complex patterns hidden in many, sometimes thousands, predictors. It can also be used as a building block of other machine learning tasks, like unsupervised learning and reinforcement learning. Such...
- Keyword:
- Stochastic Microstructures, Fisher Score, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Concept Drift, and Nonstationarity Analysis
- Subject:
- Materials Science, Statistics, and Computer science
- Creator:
- Zhang, Kungang
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_765218 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15297
-
- Description:
- The language Esterel has found success in many safety-critical applications, from aircraft landing gear to digital signal processors. Its unique combination of powerful control operations, deterministic concurrency, and real time execution bounds are indispensable to programmer in these kinds of safety-critical domains. However these features lead to an interesting facet...
- Keyword:
- Programming Languages, Semantics, Calculus, and Esterel
- Subject:
- Computer science
- Creator:
- Florence, Spencer P
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_754043 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15182
-
- Description:
- The world is awash in data and much of artificial intelligence focuses on learning models of the underlying structure in this data or the mechanisms governing its evolution. Both neural and symbolic models have weaknesses that make these models sub-optimal from a use perspective. Much of this data is in...
- Keyword:
- Neural-Symbolic Models, Natural Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence, Neural Network Language Models, Finance Models, and Machine Learning
- Subject:
- Computer science
- Creator:
- Demeter, David
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_769746 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15319
-
- Description:
- Three-dimensional (3D) imaging has been widely used in academic research and industrial applications. Compared to 2D representations, 3D imaging can yield more information about geometric structures of an object such as small surface variations that are difficult to perceive otherwise. 3D image contents provide additional information that is complementary to...
- Keyword:
- 3D imaging, Computational photography, Computational imaging, and Time-of-flight imaging
- Subject:
- Computer science
- Creator:
- Li, Fengqiang
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_763893 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15254
-
- Description:
- The study and design of machines that are able to analyze the auditory scene and organize sound into parts that are perceptually meaningful to humans is referred to as machine hearing. Such machines are expected to distinguish between different sound categories (e.g., speech, music, background noise), focus on a sound...
- Keyword:
- Audio Source Separation, Common Fate, Machine Hearing, Audio Signal Processing, Audio Classification, and Audio Representation
- Subject:
- Electrical engineering and Computer science
- Creator:
- Pishdadian, Fatemeh
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_780859 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15404
-
- Description:
- Social media and online forums provide spaces where people can gather beyond restrictions of geographic proximity. For some individuals with mental illness, these spaces are vital; providing outlets and communities where a multitude of experiences are accepted and understood, rather than judged against normative, often ableist standards. For nearly three...
- Keyword:
- Social Computing, Human-Computer Interaction, Digital Ethnography, Mental Illness, Eating Disorders, and Anti-Oppressive Care
- Subject:
- Information science, Computer science, and Communication
- Creator:
- Feuston, Jessica
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_768803 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15315
-
- Description:
- Surface appearance represents the sense impression of the surface. In visual art, the artists try to use the appearance of their artworks to express their mental state and philosophy. Researchers in the cultural heritage community has been trying to use different analysis approaches to interpret artworks. In Computer Graphics and...
- Keyword:
- 3D Imaging, Computational Photography, Computer Vision, Computational Imaging, and Computer Graphics
- Subject:
- Computer science
- Creator:
- Yeh, Chia-Kai
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15289 and etdadmin_upload_765018
-
- Description:
- In the current state of robotics, the systems we create are heavily reliant on our consistent guidance, programming of tasks, and oracle information that allow them to operate in the world that we inhabit. What happens to our robotic systems when we are unable to perform as an oracle, creating...
- Keyword:
- Optimal Experimental Design, Imitation Learning, Robotics, Active learning, and Optimal Control
- Subject:
- Robotics and Computer science
- Creator:
- Abraham, Ian
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_764973 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15287
-
- Description:
- Peer review is a commonly used tool to manage large classes. It allows students to grade and provide feedback to each other based on rubrics provided by instructors. Peer review has been proved to be effective in improving students' learning outcomes by many research. During providing peer review, students are...
- Keyword:
- peer review, peer grading, highlighted text prediction, open domain named entity typing, and natural language processing
- Subject:
- Computer science
- Creator:
- Yuan, Zheng
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/01/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_744729 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15148
-
- Description:
- Super-resolution (SR) has become one of the most critical problems in image and video processing. In Chapter 2 of this thesis, a detailed review of existing Deep Learning (DL) techniques for addressing the SR task, with an emphasis on how DL and analytical techniques can be combined, is provided. Chapter...
- Keyword:
- Image Processing, Video Processing, Deep Learning, and Super-Resolution
- Subject:
- Electrical engineering and Computer science
- Creator:
- Lucas, Alice Marie
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 01/21/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15076 and etdadmin_upload_741221
-
- Description:
- Biological systems comprise diverse collections of cellular and non-cellular components with intricate relationships and dynamic interactions. To gain system-level understanding, we must be able to accurately model these systems, both experimentally and computationally. Agent-based models (ABMs) in particular are a uniquely intuitive, modular, and flexible framework capable of supporting multi-scale,...
- Keyword:
- emergent behavior, systems biology, and agent-based modeling
- Subject:
- Biology, Chemical engineering, and Computer science
- Creator:
- Yu, Jessica
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 01/21/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_743010 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15106
-
- Description:
- The ever growing desire for accurate estimation and efficient learning necessitates the efforts to quantitatively characterize uncertainties for models. In this thesis, four problems pertaining to uncertainty quantification are discussed: A sequential stopping framework of constructing fixed-precision confidence regions is proposed for a class of multivariate simulation problems where variance...
- Keyword:
- Ranking and Selection, Reinforcement Learning, Statistical Learning, Stochastic Gradient Descent, and Uncertainty Quantification
- Subject:
- Applied mathematics, Statistics, and Computer science
- Creator:
- Zhu, Yi
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 01/21/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15080 and etdadmin_upload_741745
-
- Description:
- Sound is one of the most important mediums to understand the environment around us. Identifying a sound event in prerecorded audio (such as a police siren, a dog bark, or a creaking door in soundscapes) leads to a better understanding of the context where the sound events occurred. To do...
- Keyword:
- Human-in-the-loop interface, Sound event detection, Sound event annotation, Audio signal processing, and Machine learning
- Subject:
- Artificial intelligence and Computer science
- Creator:
- Kim, Bongjun
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 01/21/2021
- Date Created:
- 2020-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_739320 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:15064
-
- Description:
- A core problem in many computer vision applications is visual recognition (including object classification, detection and localization). Recent advances in artificial neural networks (aka ”deep learning”) have significantly pushed forward the state-of-the-art visual recognition performances. However, due to the lack of semantic structure modeling, most current deep learning approaches do...
- Keyword:
- visual recognition, deep learning, computer vision, and compositional
- Subject:
- Electrical engineering and Computer science
- Creator:
- Tang, Wei
- Owner:
- Scholarly Digital Publishing
- Language:
- en
- Date Uploaded:
- 02/12/2020
- Date Created:
- 2019-01-01
- Resource Type:
- Dissertation
- Alternate Identifier:
- etdadmin_upload_670616 and http://dissertations.umi.com/northwestern:14725