The purpose of the dissertation is to develop a framework for equilibration of activity-trip chain demand in an integrated system of activity scheduling and travel choices within a dynamic network equilibrium framework. Activity-based modeling systems generate detailed activity chain schedules for individuals, which have to be assigned to transportation networks....
While infrequent, clay slope failures caused by earthquakes result in loss of life and substantial property damage. In strong seismicity areas, it is sometimes assumed that the stability of clay deposits can be evaluated through the residual undrained strength that is applicable at large deformations. A crucial factor missing in...
An accurate knowledge of the engineering properties of rocks is crucial for a variety of geomechanical problems, ranging from wellbore stability to failure in rock slopes, underground excavations, and crustal faults. While strength and deformation properties are usually obtained from a limited number of in situ and/or laboratory tests, their...
Building design and operation impact the accumulation and survival of microorganisms in indoor spaces. These microorganisms, together referred to as the indoor microbiome, have implications for human health and well being. However, the relative importance of factors like architecture compared to, e.g., human occupancy, remains unclear. This study aimed to...
The advent of next-generation sequencing has made it increasingly feasible to survey microbes in situ, including inside buildings where many people spend extended periods of time. Microbes in buildings, and specifically in dust, are linked to various health outcomes, and the amount of antimicrobial chemicals in dust is associated to...
In response to construction activities and loads from permanent structures, soil generally is subjected to a variety of loading modes varying both in time and location. It also has been increasingly appreciated that the strains around well-designed foundations, excavations and tunnels are mostly small, with soil responses at this strain...
The abundance and breadth of condition data generated by advanced inspection technologies have increased the frequency and accuracy of data collection, which is not exploited by the existing performance models. Moreover, simultaneity of deterioration and maintenance causes difficulty of estimating effectiveness of maintenance activities for existing performance models. To address...
Safe design requires a valid mechanical model and correct probabilistic analysis. Concrete, which is an archetypical quasibrittle material, typically exhibits stable crack propagation in many types of failure. Therefore, a scientific approach requires analyzing concrete failure on the basis of fracture mechanics. One of the simplest ways to incorporate fracture...
Two experimental methods have been developed to induce flexural waves in concrete piles for which a portion of the shaft is accessible, and the test results were compared to theoretical solutions of flexural guided wave propagation. The pile response is measured and the results are analyzed to compute the group...
In urban areas, an accurate evaluation of ground deformations from various construction activities requires one to properly consider both the probable ground strain level under expected working conditions and the recent stress history of the soil. For well-designed projects, the levels of ground strains typically are less than 0.5%, emphasizing...