Historians have long argued that humanitarianism—what Thomas Haskell once described as “alleviating the suffering of distant strangers”—first emerged in eighteenth-century Europe as part of a complex set of perceptual changes involving capitalist growth, Enlightenment ideas, and Christian values. Given these claims, it is no coincidence that humanitarianism has often been...
Topology optimization is a powerful tool for maximizing structural performance, enabling multifunctionality of the structure, and reducing the materials waste and cost for sustainable manufacturing. However, current topology optimization tools are limited to a few scales, and the potential of nested topology optimization in engineering design has yet to be...
Early transition metal organometallics chemisorbed on extremely Brønsted acidic sulfated metal oxides such as sulfated alumina (AlS) and sulfated zirconia (ZrS) produce highly active single-site catalysts for olefin polymerization, alkene and arene hydrogenation, and alkane hydrogenolysis, typically with a large percentage of catalytically significant sites. The low support conjugate basicity...
Photochemistry allows chemists to harness the energy in specific wavelengths of light and use it to achieve new chemical transformations. These chemical transformations are often impossible or energetically demanding under traditional thermal conditions. My dissertation focuses broadly on different strategies to apply visible-light photochemistry and photocatalysis to the development of...
Policies supporting families with young children provide an important context for human development. The two primary public policies available to caregivers around and after childbirth are parental leave and early care and education (ECE). A substantial body of research evaluates the effects of parental leave and ECE policies on various...
This dissertation observes interaction to explore the influence of group argument in decision-making in mock juries. The goals of this investigation were to observe two-sided deliberations of a task-oriented decision-making group, map the dichotomous arguments and provide insight into what influences were at play in the final decision. The study...
How molecular chirality manifests at the nano- to macroscale has been a scientific puzzle since Louis Pasteur discovered biochirality. In general, amphiphilic molecules can organize into a variety of assembly shapes including micelles, spherical vesicles, cylindrical micelles, and planar bilayers. However, when such amphiphilic molecules are chiral, helical ribbons, helicoidal...
Heart failure is a growing clinical problem, and inherited cardiomyopathies contribute significantly to heart failure. Among the many genes associated with inherited cardiomyopathies, mutations in FLNC, the gene encoding the cytoskeletal protein filamin C, associate with a range of cardiomyopathy and increased risk for arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death in...
In recent years, motivated by the approaching of quantum limit for classic information science, the development of quantum information science (QIS) has drawn considerable interest from chemists and physicians. Different from classical bits which can only be localized on two different states, quantum bit, which can be simplified as qubit,...
Nilotinib is a highly effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). While nilotinib successfully treats CML, a common and serious side effect is development of nilotinib-induced arterial disease (NAD) even in patients without pre-existing risk factors. This side effect is not seen with imatinib, a CML...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection elicits both protein and lipid antigen-specific T cell responses. However, the incorporation of lipid antigens into subunit vaccine strategies and formulations has been under-explored, and the properties of vaccine-induced Mtb lipid-specific memory T cells have remained elusive. Mycolic acid (MA), a major lipid component of the...
In the late 2000’s, scientific studies in cultural heritage saw a great advancement in macro X-ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging of paintings. These images are used to generate elemental distribution maps, which aid in identifying chemical elements and paint pig- ments as well as their locations throughout the layers of the...
Objective: To evaluate patient-reported experiences of telehealth and disparities in access, use, and satisfaction with telehealth visits during the COVID-19 pandemic (aim 1), to evaluate prevalence of portal use pre-, peri-, and post-pandemic, among the C3 cohort, and investigate any disparities in use by sociodemographic factors (aim 2), and to...
Heterogenous catalysis is the pillar of chemical production and a crucial aspect for optimization toward a sustainable future. To improve the current design of heterogeneous catalysts of maximal activity and product selectivity, gaining fundamental understanding of the catalytic active sites is crucial. The nature of active sites has been the...
In this thesis, I study the effects of spillovers in all-pay auctions and the effects ofregulating wages and hours on the labor market. In the first chapter, I study a model of
asymmetric all-pay auctions with spillovers. In this model, players compete for a prize, and
the sunk effort players...
Air pollution is a pervasive environmental issue that has significant impacts on human health. Urban areas are particularly susceptible to high levels of air pollution due to concentrated emissions and populations. Urban air pollution has been linked to a range of adverse health effects, including respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases,...
Biological systems that perform critical reactions like carbon dioxide reduction, water oxidation, or phosphonate ester hydrolysis consist of many separate components with many different degrees of
freedom. While the functionality of pieces of these systems can be replicated synthetically to some
degree, the integration of synthetic catalysts into an overall...
The main topic of this thesis is generation in derived categories of coherent sheaves on smooth projective varieties. We develop a new approach that allows us to give a new proof of a recent result by Olander that powers of an ample line bundle generate the bounded derived category of...
Equilibrium models of star formation successfully derive the globally-averaged Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) relation, positing that star formation rates (SFRs) are self- regulated by the turbulence in the interstellar medium (ISM) generated by stellar feedback. However, these models make assumptions that may not be achieved in realistic galaxy systems. Cosmological zoom-in simulations,...
An important tenet in memory research is the dissociation between explicit and implicit memory systems in the brain. Whereas a robust literature exists on the consolidation of memories in the explicit domain, research on implicit memory consolidation is relatively understudied, particularly questions about what is being consolidated and the mechanisms...