The answer to the question “Why do we sleep?” lies in understanding the biological underpinnings of homeostatic drive to sleep. Wakefulness is correlated with numerous changes in brain activity, structure and gene/protein expression that re-normalize following sleep however which of these elements is sufficient to cause sleep drive and how...
Rising social inequality across economic, gender, and racial lines is a pressing issue of our time. Despite widespread agreement that inequality exists, there are stark ideological disagreements about its extent, its victims, and about what – if anything – should be done to address it. Prior work demonstrates that the...
Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) was first recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2012 to prevent uncomplicated malaria in children and began implementation in Burkina Faso in 2014 under programmatic campaigns. Systematic assessment of the impact of national SMC campaigns requires data with weekly or monthly temporal resolution over...
This thesis develops novel methods for generating space-filling designs inside a designspace and subsampling from a data set. It incorporates materials from two papers by the
author: Shang and Apley 2021; Shang, Apley, and Mehrotra 2022a. Chapter 1 discusses space-filling designs of computer experiments, which is publishedas Shang and Apley...
The field of time-domain astronomy has seen significant advancements in the latest years as increasingly sensitive, deep and wide-field surveys of the sky at all wavelengths are being carried out more and more frequently. Furthermore, the addition of gravitational wave detectors around the world has opened an entirely new window...
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) images the retina noninvasively with micrometer-scale volumetric resolutions. It is an invaluable resource in the clinic for identifying, monitoring, and treating blindness-causing diseases. By shortening illumination wavelengths to the visible range, visible-light OCT (vis-OCT) improves image resolution, provides new scattering contrasts, and enables oxygen saturation (sO2)...
Slow-moving landslides are common in mountainous area worldwide. Most of them mobilizes slowly over long periods of time, which causes continuous damage to proximal infrastructure and habitats. Most notably, some slow-moving landslides can experience catastrophic acceleration at some point in their life cycle, with potentially fatal consequences. It is therefore...
Research over the past several decades has revealed that memory reactivation in sleep contributes to the formation of long-lasting memories. Among the most recent developments in this field is the widespread use of the technique of targeted memory reactivation (TMR), which allows researchers to induce reactivation of specific memories during...
The purpose of this thesis is to derive three results in probability theory. The first is a proof that small powers of the normalized absolute characteristic polynomial of a random matrix sampled from either the Gaussian Orthogonal or Symplectic Ensemble converges in law to a Gaussian multiplicative chaos measure. The...
Photochemistry is an inherently interdiscplinary field where very large energies are leveraged for the making and breaking of bonds. My work has broadly dealt with various strategies to control how energy delivered by light can be channeled into useful functions. I developed a strategy to control the chemo- and stereo-selectivity...