Youth with comorbid depression and conduct disorder (CD) in the juvenile justice system are a particularly vulnerable population. Comorbidity of depression and CD, as well as juvenile justice involvement, is associated independently with impairment and negative outcomes. Nevertheless, service provision to this high-need population is especially lacking. The purpose of...
Why would someone's judgments and choices disregard the consequences he or she cares about most? Considerable research appears to show that in many contexts, people show precisely this paradoxical tendency. Researchers interpret these results as showing that people sometimes make choices on the basis of moral factors -- factors that...
The present studies aimed at developing a lie detection paradigm immune to countermeasures, while the theoretical issues of top-down influence of task requirement on subliminal semantic priming were investigated. In Experiment 1, subjects were presented supraliminal acquaintance and non-acquaintance names, which were subliminally primed by another acquaintance or non-acquaintance names....
Humans determine the horizontal position of sound sources based on two cues: interaural time differences (ITDs) and interaural level differences (ILDs). Consistent with other evidence that these two cues are processed by separate neural mechanisms, Wright and Fitzgerald (2001) observed markedly different learning patterns in listeners who were trained on...
Humans routinely answer questions, make decisions, and provide explanations in the face of incomplete knowledge and time constraints. From everyday questions like "What will it cost to take that vacation?" to policy questions like "How can a carbon taxing scheme affect climate change?" we often do not have all the...
Despite its prevalence, cost, and association with high risk for negative outcomes, there is a lack of empirically-based procedures for effective treatment of dual diagnosis in adolescents. The present study attempts to address the need for research informing effective treatment of this population. Strengths have been found to predict positive...
The human brain shows great flexibility to adjust itself to dynamically ever-changing environment. Despite more than 100 years of cognitive brain research, the dynamical aspect of cognitive process has remained poorly understood compared to the static aspect of that. This dissertation concerns the dynamic character and functional significance of periodically...
The majority of research on voluntary visual attention has focused primarily on specific attentional processes. While we know much about individual attentional abilities such as shifting attention among spatial locations, tracking multiple objects and maintaining attention for specific targets, we know little about how these attentional processes relate to one...
Background: More than 81 percent of African-American women are overweight or obese. In addition to being heavier than Whites, African-Americans have a harder time losing weight and are less likely to engage in physical activity. A growing body of literature suggests several barriers to physical activity that prevent African-American women...
Although chronic stress has been shown to be significantly associated with depression, this relationship has not received adequate attention, particularly in adolescent samples. One gap lies in the examination of whether particular domains of chronic interpersonal stress are uniquely related to risk for depression. Furthermore, the degree to which chronic...