Theoretical analysis of DNA bridge-mediated electron transfer (ET) led to the proposal that photoinduced ET might occur via either superexchange or hopping mechanisms. Electron transfer has been proposed to occur via a superexchange mechanism at short distances and via a hopping mechanism at longer distances. However, a crossover in mechanism...
In recent years, moral and political philosophers have begun to focus upon the impact of pluralism on conceptions of civic obligation, legitimacy, and justice. According to the political liberalism of John Rawls, citizens should justify their political views in terms of values that are neutral among divergent worldviews; they should...
In this dissertation, we explore modeling and solution methods for intermodal drayage operations. This research is motivated by the need to provide operational choices in drayage operations to increase efficiency; however, as shown in our work, the introduction of this flexibility in modeling and solution methods is challenging.
Intermodal freight...
Early-life seizures increase susceptibility to seizures in adulthood. However, mechanisms by which seizures in the developing brain lead to increased vulnerability to seizures and exacerbation of neurological injury in adulthood remain unknown. We test the hypothesis that upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine levels and chronic glial activation following early-life seizures result...
For bone regeneration, there is need for biodegradable, synthetic scaffolds that direct the formation of <em>de novo</em> mineralized tissue. Orthopaedic implants additionally require mechanical function. The work described herein attempts to address both of these needs. The general strategy involves integrating molecularly designed tissue engineering scaffolds with porous metallic foams...
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play a fundamental role in cell growth, metabolism and survival. Altered cell surface expression of RTKs has profound effects on organismal physiology and is associated with both metabolic disease and neoplasia. The insulin receptor (IR) is a prototypical RTK that regulates metabolism and lifespan and as...
Many ion channels are localized in specific subcellular domain of the neurons, and the proper localization is critical for the function of ion channels. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels (h channels) are asymmetrically distributed in the CA1 pyramidal neurons, enriched in the distal apical dendrites. H current, generated by h...
This study explores the history of Bugwere, Busoga and Buganda, societies in present-day east-central Uganda, from the late first millennium and it does so through a focus on motherhood. Motherhood - as ideology and biology - impacted on almost every aspect of life in these societies, but did so in...
This dissertation describes the use of alkanethiols and polymers for the development of lithographic affinity and resist array templates that can be utilized for directing the assembly of biological molecules, for building up multilayered polyelectrolyte thin films, and for fabricating metal solid-state nanostructures. The first two chapters of the work...
Sensing is a fundamental operation for almost any motion-based system. We have chosen electrosensory systems as a platform to explore sensing and control in both artificial and biological systems. Electrosense is a convenient sensing modality because artificial electrosensory systems are relatively simple to implement, and weakly electric fish have some...
The work presented in this thesis describes investigations into linear and nonlinear optical properties of two-dimensional silver nanoparticle arrays. The linear optical measurements - extinction measurements were performed on two-dimensional square arrays of L-shaped silver nanoparticles fabricated by electron beam lithography in order to study the effect of dipole coupling...
Chambers of Flemish tapestry served as prestigious, portable decoration for early modern courts across Europe. In the second half of the sixteenth century, a number of noble patrons commissioned tapestries that prominently featured highly naturalistic zoological and botanical imagery. Drawing upon zoological treatises, medical and physiognomic literature, fables, printed emblemata,...
Cells are known to respond to external stimuli such as chemical, physical and mechanical cues from their microenvironments. In this work, we developed the technology to to complement the previously reported studies that deal with substrates' mechanical property by developing thin polydimethlysiloxane (PDMS) membrane microdevices using microfabrication technology. Typically, multiples...
The growth cone is a highly specialized motile structure with a distinctive and dynamically variable morphology. Current understanding of actin-based protrusive motility has been formulated in terms of the dendritic nucleation/array treadmilling model for lamellipodial protrusion and the convergent-elongation model for filopodial protrusion, that were based upon results obtained primarily...
The neural crest is a population of multipotent precursors that are found only in vertebrate embryos. These cells migrate extensively throughout the body and give rise to diverse derivatives, including craniofacial bone and cartilage, melanocytes, and the enteric nervous system. There is a large network of factors involved in neural...
This dissertation articulates the practice of clown theater by a Chicago-based company called 500 Clown in order to provoke further investigation and definition of this hybrid theatrical form, which, though increasingly popular as a practice, has yet to be theorized or historicized. This study addresses clown theater's relationships with other...
Dimensionally constrained material systems are at the forefront of current materials research because of their novel and often enhanced physical, chemical and biological properties. The dimensionality effects are pervasive through different classes of materials including ceramics, metals and polymers. Often times dimensionality effects are manifested as internal structure variations in...
A need exists to increase the functionality of myoelectric prostheses without increasing the mental requirement of operation. Implantable myoelectric sensors have made it possible to record multiple muscle activities with high fidelity. Given this high dimensionality of inputs, what is the best way of implementing control? Muscle synergies have been...
In this thesis we discuss the issue of solving stochastic optimization problems using sampling methods. Numerical results have shown that using variance reduction techniques from statistics can result in significant improvements over Monte Carlo sampling in terms of the number of samples needed for convergence of the optimal objective value...
Various methods for solving the partial contact of surfaces with regularly periodic profiles-- which might arise in analyses of asperity level contact, serrated surfaces or even curved structures--have previously been employed for elastic materials. A new approach based upon the summation of evenly spaced Flamant's solution is presented here to...
This dissertation concerns the rhetorical discourses that define a wireless technology revolution in the United States. This inquiry engaged in rhetorical criticism of key documents, texts and exigencies embedded within successive stages of the wireless revolution spanning twenty years. Three sites of discourse were analyzed: the wireless industry's vision and...
Using a novel DNA-microarray hybridization protocol, the diffusion distance during static microarray hybridization was estimated for Cy3- and Cy5-labeled cDNA probes as 3.8 and 2.6 mm, respectively, despite having almost identical molecular masses. Continuous mixing during microarray hybridization resulted in a 15-20% increase in signal intensity over arrays hybridized statically....
Two new methods have been developed employing silicon-containing molecules in novel organic transformations. The first strategy utilizes Lewis base-activation of triethoxysilylalkynes to deliver mild acetylide nucleophile equivalents. The second approach involves the use of enolate additions to acylsilanes to generate β-silyloxy homoenolate intermediates.
Lewis base-catalyzed activation of triethoxysilylalkynes promotes the...
In a highly competitive market, it is becoming increasingly important to view product design as an enterprise-level profit-driven activity. Demand models have become central to enterprise-driven design approaches since they help estimating the economic impact (e.g., revenues, profits, and cost) of a product's design. The primary contribution of this dissertation...
This dissertation examines the history of Mexicans' changing racial status in the Chicago metropolitan region, a place where race has traditionally been understood in strictly black and white terms. From World War I through the 1930's whites violently resisted Mexicans moving into their neighborhoods in Chicago, East Chicago, and Gary,...
This dissertation focuses on the utilization of two coordination chemistry-based synthetic approaches, which provide the ability to rapidly and quantitatively assemble sophisticated supramolecular cofacial porphyrin complexes. Significantly, by adopting a coordination chemistry-based approach, the porphyrin-porphyrin interactions can be regulated in situ via the addition or removal of chemical effector molecules....
Aluminum alloys strengthened with coherent (L1<sub>2</sub>), nanosize Al<sub>3</sub>Sc precipitates may be used as structural materials at elevated temperatures. They are creep resistant at 300°C and exhibit a threshold stress, below which creep is not measurable. Introducing ternary alloying additions, such as rare-earth elements (RE=Y, Dy, Er), that segregate within Al<sub>3</sub>Sc...
HspB2 was discovered as a chaperone of muscular dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) and originally named, DMPK binding protein (MKBP) and presently called HspB2. Functionally, MKBP binds to DMPK and stabilizes its kinase activity, thereby accelerating the progression of muscular dystrophy. Although other binding partners of HspB2 have been found, the...
A series of investigations was undertaken to explore the processing and properties of porous titanium with 6 wt% Al and 4 wt% vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) and an equiatomic nickel-titanium alloy (NiTi). In this study, porous materials were created in the solid state by entrapping argon in a powder compact, and subsequently...
This dissertation presents the results of three studies examining the determinants and consequences of employment among single mothers with infants and toddlers. In the first study, I use nationally-representative survey data to identify the effect of age-of-youngest-child welfare-to-work exemptions on the employment of single mothers with no more than a...
The first section of this thesis focuses on applications of DNA-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) while the second part addresses the fundamental properties that arise from conjugating DNA to inorganic AuNPs. Two types of applications are discussed. The first application utilizes the colorimetric properties of AuNPs to screen duplex and triplex...
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the cause of infectious mononucleosis and is associated with the etiology of several human cancers of lymphoid and epithelial cell origin, including Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It is an extremely prevalent virus in human populations worldwide. All herpesviruses, including EBV, infect cells by fusing the...
Living in a world where the machine and the Internet are ubiquitous, many people work and play online, in a world that is, ironically, often isolated and lonesome. While the Internet, as intended, connects us to information, products and services, it often draws us away from the rich connections that...
Video transmission over wireless networks to multiple mobile users has remained a challenging problem due to potential limitations on bandwidth and the time-varying nature of wireless channels. Recent advances in wireless access technologies, such as, HSDPA and IEEE 802.16, are targeted at achieving higher throughput over wireless networks. Meanwhile, advances...
The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche is the site where HSCs reside in vivo. The HSC niche is formed by supporting cells that provide structure and appropriate environmental cues for HSCs. In this study, three components of the HSC niche were evaluated for their influence on HSC expansion ex vivo:...
Conventional perfusion magnetic resonance imaging with dynamic susceptibility using a contrast agents has been playing a dominant role on diagnosing a variety of cerebral nervous system disease due to lack of radiation and widespread availability. However, reliable quantification of cerebral perfusion has been elusive and challenging.
The bookend method is...
This thesis examines the effects of micro-alloying additions to Al-Sc alloys on the microstructure, coarsening resistance and creep properties. The overarching goal of this research is to develop castable, creep-resistant aluminum alloys which can be used at temperatures in excess of 300?C. Successful high-temperature application of aluminum based alloys offers...
The macroscale mechanical and physical properties of materials are inherently linked to the underlying microstructure. Traditional continuum mechanics theories have focused on approximating the heterogeneous microstructure as a continuum, which is conducive to a partial differential equation mathematical description. Although this makes large scale simulation of material much more efficient...
This project examines the relationship between graphic design and public life in an effort to understand how graphic design functions as a mode of communication, how visual images present interpretive problems for communication scholarship, and how the increasing presence of visual images in public space inform and are informed by...
This dissertation considers price indices in the context of two rapidly growing markets. The first is the emerging market for Internet Service Providers in the mid-1990s. The second is the emergence and growth of the DVD hardware market. In both, we examine indices ranging from the most rudimentary to quality...
Across a broad spectrum of mathematical models, problems arise that have irregular domains or contain embedded interfaces. The complexity due to the introduction of these interfaces makes it more difficult to develop efficient and accurate numerical methods for their solutions.
This thesis discusses modifications to the eXtended Finite Element Method...
This dissertation argues that theatre was a vital element of postcolonial culture in Ireland in the years 1919-1932, the period in which the Irish nation emerged from revolutionary war to become a stable postcolonial state. Although critics have bemoaned the rising dominance of conservative, anti-modernist playwriting and production in Ireland's...
My dissertation explores the rational and emotional foundations of ethical decision making. Traditional research has associated ethical superiority with an analytic, rational decision making process and has suggested that emotions (e.g., empathy or anger) undermine ethics because they lead people to breach ethical principles such as the norm of impartiality....
After nearly 100 years of research, the function of sleep is unknown, prompting the desire to examine its regulation in a simpler model organism. In 2000, <em>Drosophila</em> was described as a novel model system to investigate sleep. These early studies defined features of normal sleep in <em>Drosophila</em>, and presented evidence...
Interfaces and surfaces are ubiquitous in the environment. Heterogeneous binding events and reactions control the transport and speciation of dissolved pollutants in groundwater. Many heterogeneous processes occur at mineral oxide/water interfaces, and can be controlled either by the mineral oxide, or organic molecules bound to the surface. The prevalent natural...
Child maltreatment and violence are two major public health concerns in the United States. The relationship between maltreatment and subsequent violent behavior, also referred to as the "cycle of violence", is not well understood. The present study examines whether a history of maltreatment predicts violent behavior in a sample of...
This dissertation explores price differences observed in the market. While some differences are necessitated by market conditions, the others are strategic. I illustrate the former in a study of electricity spot markets in Italy and the latter for the video rental industry.
The first project examines the welfare gains from...
The dissertation research examines the evolution of EU social and employment policy in regard to gender equality in the labor market and analyzes how EU guidelines of the European Employment Strategy (EES) and EU directives on social policy have different effects on political processes in the United Kingdom and Germany....
Musical theater is a discipline that, by its very nature, engages several disciplines, specifically music, visual art, theater, and dance. The elementary classroom is a viable setting for the study of the arts in an interdisciplinary manner, yet the number of studies examining interdisciplinary instruction with regard to elementary music...
The linear food chain of high school biology textbooks has been replaced by the food web, the increasingly complex network of trophic interactions in an ecosystem. This complexity, however, masks a number of robust statistical properties. Yet much research to date has concentrated upon predicting and testing the existence of...
In this dissertation I examine the impact of core values on foreign policy opinion, the dynamics of value change, and the differences between elites and the mass public in their values change. I find that two core values - humanitarianism and democracy - strongly affect citizens' support for various anti-terrorism...
Behavioral activation (BA) trains depressed clients to engage in more positive activities in order to increase their experience of pleasure and accomplishment, thereby reducing depression. Recent research suggested that BA might be as effective in treating depression as current leading treatments, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and antidepressant medication (Jacobson,...
By combining cultural theory with empirical data, this dissertation asserts that late-twentieth-century mainstream theatre had the potential to support emergent ideologies in the U.S. context. The study finds fault with those who dismiss mainstream theatre based on its commercialism and shows how a production's mainstream status may position its emergent...
This thesis presents results and analysis on a series of donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) charge transfer systems in which we use time-resolved spectroscopy and magnetic resonance techniques to study the relationship of molecular structure to energy, charge, and spin transfer dynamics. We find that the sequence of events following the initial charge...
Markov models are widely employed in cost-effectiveness analysis of healthcare interventions. Although such models are usually formulated at the individual level, it is also useful to examine outcomes at the population level. Analysts may wish to know the impact of a health intervention on a whole population instead of an...
A comprehensive understanding of how image processing occurs in the primary visual cortex (V1) requires learning what aspects of neuronal responses are driven by strong feed-forward input from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), and what aspects arise due to the densely recurrent network operating within the cortex itself. From an...
Although non-viral gene therapy has great potential for use in the lung, several problems including inefficient gene transfer and expression and the relative lack of cell-specific targeting have limited its applications. The two approaches that have been used to target genes to desired cell types are through specific ligand-receptor interactions...
Middle childhood is an important but often overlooked developmental period. Similarly, a large literature examines the importance of child care as a developmental context, focusing almost exclusively on pre-school child care experiences. Through three related empirical studies, this dissertation aims to address these two gaps in the extant literature. These...
The first chapter of this dissertation investigates the pricing of systematic variance risk in the equity options market. Cross sectional tests on synthetic variance swap returns reveal no evidence of a negative market variance risk premium. Furthermore, we show that a class of linear factor models cannot simultaneously explain index...
In the age of what George W. Bush has called a global democratic revolution, the freedom to consume an ever-expanding variety of images and goods in the global marketplace is often equated with the conditions of democratic freedom. With just such rhetorical elisions in mind, this dissertation examines the discursive...
Until the late twentieth century, the American small town at the turn of the century was popularly conceived as the quintessential nostalgic object: an "ideal" moment of lost "innocence," albeit one never existing in reality. This conception is belied, however, by my study of its representation in film and television...
Preventing the build-up of indoor pollutants represents an emerging goal in environmental chemistry. Heterogeneous catalysis provides an attractive method of remediating indoor air pollution, but optimization through rational catalyst design requires a detailed understanding of the catalytic surface and surface-pollutant interactions. In this work, a chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS)...
Packaging of DNA into nucleosomes and chromatin not only enables DNA to fit within the nucleus, but it also protects and organizes DNA. However, the wrapping of DNA around histones occludes DNA from binding proteins in solution. Proteins that regulate, express and repair DNA are able to function only when...
What is the nature of the relation between a verb and its arguments? In this dissertation, I look to evidence from language acquisition for answers.
Any theory of ditransitives must explain certain structural asymmetries noted for both double-object (DO) datives (e.g. Alfonso gave Derek the bat) and prepositional datives (Alfonso...
This work investigates children's early semantic representations of gradable adjectives (GAs) and proposes that infants perform a probabilistic analysis of the input to learn about abstract differences within this category. I first demonstrate that children as young as age three distinguish between relative (e.g., 'big', 'long'), maximum standard absolute (e.g.,...
Nelson and Staum derived ranking-and-selection procedures that employ control-variate (CV) estimators instead of sample means to obtain greater statistical efficiency. However, control-variate estimators require more computational effort than sample means, and effective controls must be identified. In this dissertation, we present a new CV screening procedure to avoid much of...
This thesis contains four essays on the organization (both internal and external) of health care in the US. The first essay examines a mechanism through which individual workers acquire (or maintain) competence, namely that of experience. Specifically, I analyze whether cardiac surgeons who perform more procedures experience an improvement in...
In the Old Northwest, networks of activists across dispersed communities took controversial direct action against prejudice and slavery. By largely eschewing the growing cities that disproved the Old Northwest rule, this is a study of reform as it would have impacted most people, at the local level in the smaller...
Angiogenesis, the formation of blood vessels from a pre-existing vasculature, is a process whereby capillary sprouts are formed in response to chemical stimuli that can be either supplied externally or produced locally.
Understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that govern angiogenesis suggests a powerful therapeutic approach that will allow to combat...
Encouraging honest behavior and discouraging deceptive behavior has become a very important issue with respect to ethics and moral behavior in the workplace. As such, a critical practical and theoretical goal has been to directly study the likelihood of individuals punishing deception and rewarding honesty. The growing assumption within the...
In chapter 1, we study the investment behavior of firms faced with uncertainty, irreversibility and non-convex adjustment costs when output can be stored. A discrete-time dynamic optimization problem is solved numerically using neural networks to study the investment problem. Our numerical results suggest that whether or not firms can store...
This dissertation examines the development of a black theater aesthetic in Jamaica as the colony prepared for independence. I define my theory of myalisation to explain how middle class theatre audiences participated in the Afro-Jamaican religious rituals of the lower class and how their participation signaled the development of a...
The physics of granular materials is one of the big questions in science. Granular materials serve as a prototype of collective systems far from equilibrium and fundamental questions remain. At the same time, an understanding of granular materials has tremendous practical importance. Among practical problems, granular mixing and its interplay...
The overarching theme of this thesis is the development of non-natural oligomers for use in biological applications. Chapter I details the synthesis and studies of modified peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomers. PNA is a synthetic oligonucleotide mimic that binds to natural nucleic acids with extremely high affinity and specificity, making...
This dissertation describes the invention and development of a new nanolithographic method: On-Wire Lithography (OWL). OWL is a simple, reproducible, and high-throughput procedure for the synthesis and lithographic processing of metal nanowires (i.e. Au, Ag, Pt, Ni, and Cu) that allows researchers to control the morphology and feature size of...
This dissertation examines and seeks to revitalize the concept of "distraction," through an analysis of the changes it underwent in German-speaking philosophy, critical theory, and literature between the World Wars. Defying the sociological and psychological norms of the period, Franz Kafka, Martin Heidegger, and Walter Benjamin refused to treat distraction...
Surfaces and interfaces, which are ubiquitous in the environment, control the mobility,speciation, and ultimate fate of groundwater species. The presented work provides insight into the interfacial behavior of three environmental pollutants: hexavalent chromium, oxytetracycline, and morantel. Model surfaces are employed for these studies, including (1-102) α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and a carboxylic acid-terminated...
My dissertation investigates the social mechanisms that determine the allocation of consequences of earnings restatements for organizational elites, using a sample S&P1500 Index-listed firms restating earnings between 1997 and 2003. In chapter 1, I examine turnover following revelations of organizational misconduct. I find that outside director turnover is associated with...
In this dissertation, the Tg behavior of nanoconfined polymer films and 1-dimensional (1-D) patterned polymer nanostructures was studied. Using a novel fluorescence method, a reduction in Tg was observed upon confinement in PS films supported on silica, where free-surface (polymer-air interface) effects are dominant in modifying Tg. In contrast, Tg...
This study investigates the nature of the face-to-face interactions and collaborations between secondary school students and community members in the nested contexts of the classroom and a local Italian community, both situated in a large city in Canada. Students used the tools of inquiry of cultural ethnographers, interviewing members of...
Okilactomycin and chrolactomycin are antitumor antibiotics isolated in 1987 and 2001, respectively. These tetracyclic natural products possess a unique 6-5 fused tetrahydropyrone-butyrolactone. The spirocenter is part of a highly functionalized cyclohexene ring, which together with the aforementioned 6-5 system compose the core of these molecules. A six carbon, 1,3-dialkyl-substituted carbon...
This dissertation develops dynamic models to examine markets with product differentiation where both firm conduct and consumer behavior is jointly influenced by switching costs, network effects and technological innovation. In Chapter 1 I propose a structural model of competition where firms set prices, introduce new products and scrap obsolete models....
Metal oxide surfaces are generally recognized as active substrates for many catalytic reactions. Density Functional Theory (DFT) has been found as a useful computational tool to investigate the geometry, energy, electronic structure of reactive oxide surfaces and their interaction with small molecules and fragments. In this thesis, primary efforts have...
Cluster Analysis deals with classifying a sample of multivariate measurements into different categories. In this dissertation we study the effect of the correlation structure of the data on the performance of a clustering method. We begin with the analysis of two-component normal mixture models and then proceed to cluster analysis...
Constructing 3D objects from 2D images has been an active research area for decades. Given captured 2D information from various devices, different techniques were developed to assign 3D positions to the target object. However, methods for reconstructing a 3D model from a single 2D image remain largely manual and labor-intensive....
Weak optical signals, e.g., Raman scattering, fluorescence emission, etc., are typically enhanced by increasing both the excitation field and the collection efficiency. Near a surface, signals can be resonantly enhanced using either surface plasmon polaritons or a resonant dielectric waveguide, provided the sources lie within an evanescent decay length of...
Activin, a member of the TGF-b superfamily, controls a variety of physiological events from the cell cycle to reproductive health. Activin activates the Smad signaling pathway through ActRII/B and ALK4 receptors. The regulation of activin signaling is carried out in part by the inhibitor protein follistatin. The mechanistic details of...
Because soft materials, particularly polymer gels, are playing a greater role in industrial and biotechnological applications today, the exploration of their mechanical behavior over a range of deformations is becoming more relevant in our daily lives. Understanding these properties is therefore necessary as a means to predict their response for...
The present studies aimed at developing a lie detection paradigm immune to countermeasures, while the theoretical issues of top-down influence of task requirement on subliminal semantic priming were investigated. In Experiment 1, subjects were presented supraliminal acquaintance and non-acquaintance names, which were subliminally primed by another acquaintance or non-acquaintance names....
The self-assembly of quantum dots (QDs) in thin solid films is an important area of nanotechnology with many relevant applications. In the present thesis, three problems related to the growth and self-assembly of QDs are investigated.
In Chapter 1, a new instability mechanism for the formation of QDs associated with...
Living organisms grow precisely controlled assemblies of inorganic crystals using organic substrates. This observation has inspired the strategy of using synthetic organic templates for the growth of tailored inorganic thin films. It has been previously shown that monomolecular organic layers floating on supersaturated aqueous subphases (Langmuir monolayers) select the structure...
The nervous system develops through the highly regulated process of proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. Two major regulatory pathways that maintain neural stem cells in a proliferative state or promote their differentiation are the Notch and BMP signaling pathways, respectively. In this dissertation, we demonstrate that HeyL, a...
In this thesis, we study routing and resource allocation problems which have probabilistic objective functions. This class of problems has received limited attention in literature despite its promising applications. A probabilistic objective function is capable of incorporating business targets into the problem modeling and representing the risk attitude of a...
Small molecule organic materials based on perylene- and naphthalene- diimide are synthesized and characterized for use as semiconductor thin films in organic field-effect transistors. The orbital energetics of the materials are investigated via electrochemical, spectroscopic, and computational techniques. The thin film solids are characterized by x-ray diffraction techniques and surface...
One of the current goals in the biomaterials research is to develop implants with improved osteoconductivity and long-term stability. Thanks to its chemical similarity to the mineral phase of natural bone, hydroxyapatite (HA) has been extensively studied and clinically tested as a coating on metallic substrates, to obtain bioactive implants...
Age-related maculopathy (ARM) is a leading cause of legal blindness in the elderly in the world. Currently, the physiological and ultrastructural bases for the development of ARM remain unclear. Many studies have proposed that the morphological changes, particularly the accumulations of lipids with aging, in Bruch's membrane - an extracellular...
Direct dynamics quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) calculations are performed to study the dynamics of model atom + polyatom reactions. In the first part of this thesis, we examine adiabatic dynamics of H/O reaction with simple alkanes, CD4 and C2H6. Overall good agreement with state-of-the-art experiments shows that the molecular motion is...
Development of the central nervous system requires the coordinated interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. I examined the actions of an extrinsic factor, TWEAK, and an intrinsic factor, Iroquois1 (Irx1) on neural progenitor cell behavior. Embryonic day 12 (E12) and post-natal day 1 (PN1) neural progenitor cells both express Fn14,...
Gradient copolymers are novel materials that possess a gradual variation in composition along the chain, thereby forming an intermediate structure between random and block copolymers. As such, they are a model system to investigate the effect of molecular structure on fundamental properties of copolymers and may be useful in many...
Gradient copolymers are novel materials that possess a gradual variation in composition along the chain, thereby forming an intermediate structure between random and block copolymers. As such, they are a model system to investigate the effect of molecular structure on fundamental properties of copolymers and may be useful in many...