Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex genetic disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS affects up to 15% of premenopausal women worldwide, is the leading cause of anovulatory infertility, and is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. A number of susceptibility loci have...
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) E4 isoform is the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While APOE is predominantly expressed by astrocytes in the central nervous system, neuronal expression of APOE is of increasing interest in age-related cognitive impairment, neurological injury, and neurodegeneration. Here we show that endogenous...
Intestinal immunity is a critical contributor to host health. The immune system in the intestine maintains both defense against pathogens and homeostasis of intestinal tissue, which is exposed to environmental influences, including microbes and ingested foods. Proper regulation of the immune response is required to prevent damage to the host....
Understanding the complex genome-phenome associations behind human complex traits will be a primary focus for the practice of precision medicine in the future. Identifying the genetic variants that contribute to the inter- and intra- phenotypic variations of individuals, elucidating pleiotropic architecture of common complex traits, and demonstrating how personal biomedical...
The goal of the work reported here was to answer two important questions with regards to LTVV use for patients with ARDS: 1) How do we measure adoption? and 2) What are the drivers of provider adoption? To this end, I have demonstrated the influence of patient height, hypoxemia severity,...
Periodic exposure to light and dark as a result of rotation of the Earth have served as a major evolutionary pressure to partition divergent biological processes to different phases of the day. Mammals display periods of activity/inactivity, wake/sleep, and feeding/fasting during distinct portions of the day. In mammals, these activities...
Cell-based therapies are an exciting frontier in medicine. This field is built on a simple premise—cells can be engineered to recognize and treat various human diseases. The paradigm of cell-based therapy uses biosensors to interrogate a cell’s environment and distinguish disease from health, intracellular signaling pathways and genetic circuitry to...
Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (mROS) are required for the survival, proliferation, and metastasis of cancer cells. The mechanism by which mitochondrial metabolism regulates mROS levels to support cancer cells is not fully understood. To address this, we conducted a metabolism-focused CRISPR/Cas9 genetic screen and uncovered that loss of genes encoding...
Advanced wireless soft electronics integrate a wireless power transfer circuit and a small battery. It is skin-compliant, and lightweight accommodating the complex motion of the body. These unique features of the device provide a continuous physiological measurement without discomfort and spatial constraints. Using the device, we can observe and track...
The BCR-ABL negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal hematopoietic stem-cell disorders characterized by abnormal proliferation of differentiated myeloid lineages. MPNs include 3 clinically distinct disorders: Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) and Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF). 95% of MPNs are characterized by driver mutations in Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2), Thrombopoietin receptor...