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The Recovery Theorem and Long-Term Factorization of the Pricing Kernel

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Ross (2015) proposed a recovery theorem which uses prices of contingent claims to recover market’s expectations about underlying asset returns. His work relies on two assumptions. He assumes all uncertainty of the economy follows a finite state irreducible Markov chain and that the pricing kernel is transition independent. We first relax the first assumption and extend it to continuous-time Markov processes with general state spaces. Secondly, we show that the transition independence assumption is equivalent to assuming that the martingale component in the long-term factorization of the pricing kernel due to Hansen and Scheinkman (2009) is constant. We next extend the long-term factorization to general semimartingale economies and reveal economic implication of the long-term factorization, as well as Ross’ recovery as a special case. With these theoretical insights, we empirically estimate the long-term factorization and conduct a hypothesis test for the transition independent assumption on the US Treasury market data. Our results show that the martingale component in the long-term factorization is highly volatile and economically significant, controlling the term structure of the risk-return tradeoff in the bond market, and the transition independence assumption is rejected at very high confidence level.

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  • 04/13/2018
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