In his Nobel lecture Herbert Kroemer famously stated that “The interface is the device”. While he made this statement in the context of semiconducting heterostructures, it has proven to be just as relevant for more complex materials, such as the transition metal oxides. In particular, the 2-D conducting gas that...
My research interests, which span organic, inorganic, physical and biochemistry, have focused broadly on photo-, magneto- and redox-active molecules, especially those with potential applications in organic photovoltaics, spintronics and electronics. My research under the joint supervision of Professor Wasielewski and Professor Fraser Stoddart has concentrated upon understanding electronic and magnetic...
This dissertation explores a form of performance I call “ototheatre,” which is a mobile and participatory audience experience executed with portable sound technology. Ototheatre is an emergent artistic form that sits at a convergence of contemporary technologies and audience consumption habits. Case studies, including smartphone applications and new theatrical works...
This dissertation uses several interrelated methods derived from corpus linguistics, statistics, and machine learning to infer a number of historically significant voice-leading schemas in a corpus of eighteenth-century Neapolitan solfeggi (exercises for voice with bass accompaniment). The goal of this work is to gain insights not only into the characteristics...
This dissertation consists of three essays in applied microeconomics. In the first chapter, I introduce a new statistical test for identifying prejudice from empirical data. In the second chapter, I (joint with James Schummer) consider the revenue maximization problem for a two-sided, one-to-one matching platform. In the third chapter, I...
Certain inducible genes show faster reactivation if they were recently expressed. This epigenetic phenomenon is called transcriptional memory and is inherited for several generations after the first round of induction. During this phase, genes show several conserved molecular features that are essential for faster reactivation: peripheral localization of the gene,...
The electronic spin state (S) of metal ions is fundamental to the performance of magnets, protein cofactors, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. The ability to manipulate the spin state of transition metals allows for the development of advanced materials with emergent properties. This following chapters will introduce two...
Optical interferometry is a powerful technique which has been widely utilized for well over a century in making the world’s most precise measurements. By measuring how the interference between two waves is affected by a physical process, one can deduce the magnitude of this process. Because the wavelength of a...
Electromagnetic metamaterials composed of colloidally synthesized plasmonic metal nanoparticles offer new opportunities to probe light-matter interactions. The properties of these structures largely depend on the spatial arrangement of nanoparticles within them. Therefore, new assembly strategies that afford a high level of structural control are expected to enable a broad range...
Small hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivatives are critical to atmospheric organic aerosol formation and growth. Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) constitute a significant portion of total atmospheric organic aerosols, and are often generated through the oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as isoprene, -pinene, and -caryophyllene. Interfaces of SOA...
While synthesis and transformation processes to produce monodisperse nanoparticles are empirically well-developed, the pathways for these reactions as well as the exact role of synthetic agents and binding characteristics of surface moieties remain poorly understood. This lack of understanding is primarily due to the paucity of information about nanoparticle structural...
This dissertation looks at the consequences of three different government regulatory policies---the nondistribution constraint (which prohibits managers of nonprofit organizations from distributing profits generated by the nonprofit organization to themselves), the 100/0, 85/15, and 90/10 rules (which restrict the fraction of revenue for-profit colleges and universities can receive from Title...
Technology has advanced rapidly, especially in the twenty-first century, influencing our day-to-day life on unprecedented levels. Most such advances in technology are closely linked to, and often driven by, the discovery and design of new materials. It follows that the discovery of new materials can not only improve existing technologies...
Contained in the following dissertation are detailed investigations regarding the thermodynamics of small molecule activation by metalloporphyrin complexes isolated within metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Chapter 1 provides a description of the role metalloporphyrin complexes play in biological systems and the challenges associated with studying small molecule activation by metalloporphryin sites in...
As neuroscience seeks to understand larger, more complicated systems and behaviors, we will require neural recording techniques that can monitor the activity of neurons across the whole brain. The unparalleled data-storage capabilities of DNA, combined with fast, genetically encodable DNA polymerase-based sensors, would allow for "ticker tape"-like recordings of neurons...
The work presented in this dissertation examines the interplay between electron transfer reactions and electron spin in photoactive organic molecules. Organic compounds that undergo electron transfer reactions after absorbing light are important in natural photosynthesis, photobiology, and synthetic photovoltaics. These electron transfer reactions depend on the spin states of the...
Microkinetic modeling is a powerful tool for creating dynamic and quantitative descriptions of complex systems. These detailed mechanistic models compliment experimental techniques and provide an ability to achieve deeper insights into chemical processes where numerous intermediates are highly reactive and difficult to quantify in the laboratory. This thesis discusses the...
Humans possess the ability to infer and track mental states, which allows for successful interaction in the social world. The collection of processes and representations that makes this possible is referred to as a theory-of-mind (ToM). A large body of work has examined how these abilities develop from infancy to...
Ions dissolved in solution are known to interact in remarkable ways with charged Langmuir monolayers. The organic monolayer can be used as a molecular template for ordered nucleation of inorganic crystals (biomineralization) and functional nanoparticles. However, the clear majority of experiments demonstrating these behaviors have been performed with divalent ions....
The goal of science education is to prepare students to make decisions about the complicated socioscientific issues that are an inescapable part of modern life, from personal medical decisions to evaluating a political candidate's environmental platform. We cannot expect adults to maintain a deep conceptual understanding of the current state...
Large projection neurons of the cerebellar nuclei (CbN cells), whose activity generates movement, are inhibited by Purkinje cells and excited by mossy fibers. The high convergence, firing rates, and strength of Purkinje inputs predict powerful suppression of CbN cell spiking, raising the question of what activity patterns favor excitation over...
This dissertation explores how the environment shapes energy expenditure and cardio-metabolic disease risk by investigating multiple timescales of adaptation to cold stress among the Yakut, an indigenous circumpolar population. This study pursues three main objectives. First, the adaptive and health significance of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is explored by examining...
Bacterial biofilms are aggregates of cells that adhere to nearly any solid-fluid interface. While many have harmful effects, such as industrial damage and nosocomial infections, certain biofilm species are now generating renewable energy as the fundamental components of Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs). In an MFC, bacteria consume organic waste and,...
Thin film oxidation is investigated using two modeling techniques in the interest of better understanding the roles of space charge and non-equilibrium effects.
An electrochemical phase-field model of an oxide-metal interface is formulated in one dimension and studied at equilibrium and during growth. An analogous sharp interface model is developed...
Algorithmic trading (AT) has grown dramatically in recent years and now makes up over half of all trades and orders in the market. I investigate whether and how AT affects voluntary disclosure by managers. I hypothesize that AT’s differential ability to process information and its speed of trading affects how...
Humans have a remarkable ability to walk on a variety of surfaces. Compliant, uneven, or even slippery surfaces present little challenge to most people, yet are hazardous to individuals with locomotor impairments and even to bipedal robotic systems designed to mimic what we understand about human locomotion. Our ability to...
The development of organic photovoltaic devices benefits from understanding the fundamental processes underlying charge generation in thin films of organic semiconductors. This dissertation exploits model systems of π-stacked chromophores such as perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) and 3,6-bis(aryl)diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) to study these processes using ultrafast electronic and vibrational spectroscopy. In particular, the characterization...
This work is a collection of articles featuring applications of operations research primarily on solid organ transplantation. At the time of writing, 111,434 Americans were waiting for a liver or kidney transplant. Only 26,901 transplants were performed last year – a consequence of the scarcity of organ donors and the...
When granular materials with different properties (size, shape, density, etc.) flow, they tend to segregate. This research addresses a specific form of segregation (axial segregation) that occurs when size bidisperse granular mixtures flow inside a rotating cylindrical tumbler. Axial segregation is the formation of alternating bands of different particle species...
Penelopian Figures: Narratives of Work and Resistance in American Literature, 1840-1900” examines literary representations of workers who engage in covert opposition to their circumstances. In chapters on The Lowell Offering textile magazine, Rebecca Harding Davis’s Life in the Iron Mills, Louisa May Alcott’s “How I Went Out to Service” and...
This dissertation describes the fundamental studies of photoinduced charge-carrier transfer from colloidal metal chalcogenide quantum dots (QDs) to surface-adsorbed molecular redox partners. In addition, we also present the use of visible-light absorbing QDs in photocatalytic applications. CdS QDs are used as photocatalysts in a C-C coupling reaction, in which no...
This work reports studies on the physical properties of collections of nanosheets. First, the configurations of graphene oxide sheets in solution are studied. Polarized optical microscopy reveals quickly and decisively that sheets remain flat and form lyotropic liquid crystals over a wide range of solvent conditions. When solvent conditions are...
What are the origins of race-based affirmative action in college admissions? With only a few exceptions, there remain few evidence-based accounts of when and why such programs emerged among selective institutions of higher education; how heavily they weighed racial considerations; and how exactly race was taken into account. This paper...
This paper aims to understand how international legal harmonisation impacts legal certainty in countries where most of the economy is informal by examining how OHADA laws have been applied in Cameroon. It describes how the OHADA laws were developed internationally and applied locally and how the actors in two spheres...
The dissertation analyzes five well-known “Bildungsromane” published roughly between 1785 and 1914 (Karl Philipp Moritz’s Anton Reiser (1785), Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre (1795), Gottfried Keller’s Der grüne Heinrich (1879), Franz Kafka’s Der Verschollene (1914), Thomas Mann’s Die Bekenntnisse des Hochstaplers Felix Krull (1913/1955)) and investigates the ways...
This article challenges the role that successive generations of EU scholars have granted to the transnational networks of European federalists in the process of European integration. Whereas a first wave of scholarship has claimed that they played a huge role in the process (1) by convincing states to change their...
The term Connected Vehicle (CV) is broadly used to identify any ‘smart vehicle’ with wireless connectivity to the roadside infrastructure and other vehicles. CVs that can be driven autonomously are called connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs). With real-time communication and data transmission capability, CAVs have the potential to improve the transportation...
The items in this publication are partially derived from presentations given at a
symposium on Arabic Literature of Africa (ALA), at the Program of African
Studies in November 2003. Also included is some detailed information on the
contents of already published volumes (ALA I, II, IIIA, IV), and "Overviews" of...
The discovery of efficient and accurate descriptions for the macroscopic constitutive behavior of heterogeneous materials with complex microstructure remains an outstanding challenge in mechanics. On the one hand, great accuracy can be achieved by modeling small domains of a material including all the details in the microstructure, however, at the...
Existing political science literature tells us that the common factors of political participation include factors such as civic skills, available free time, and income. However, few have expanded their studies to include to private politics, and to see what factors influence private political participation. Private political participation refers to “the...
This dissertation investigates two different decision-making strategies, which I label “sub-dimensioning” versus “integration” that individuals employ to cope with feelings of ambivalence. “Sub-dimensioning” is defined as a strategy that involves lower-level construals where an ambivalent decision-maker represents and evaluates an attitude object in terms of its dimensions of evaluation, whereas...
With the rapidly growing global demand in energy nowadays, innovation and technology become critical for a transition to renewable energy, high energy efficiency or low-carbon emission. Thin-film materials are especially favorable in energy management due to the easy integration into devices. The transport properties for heat and electrical conduction are...
Rivers and streams are the corridors of material transport from land to sea. Solutes and particles experience a range of environments as they traverse the river network, many of which are highly reactive, and reaction rates are localized to specific regions. The interfacial region between the river and its underlying...
In recent years, research has been conducted to develop Sequential, Multiple Assignment, Randomized Trial (SMART) designs. These experimental designs were created to aid in the construction of adaptive treatment strategies for individuals, particularly in medical contexts. Simultaneously, research has been done on developing the use of randomized trials to evaluate...
Graphene and graphene oxide (GO), a highly oxidized form of graphene, are materials with incredibly interesting chemical and mechanical properties. These materials have high surface areas and electrical properties that can be tuned by reducing the amount of oxygenates on the surface. They have already demonstrated their importance in the...
Individuals commonly engage in collaborative behavior to more easily produce works of high societal impact. The effect of many individual characteristics such as age or gender on the effectiveness of a team is still unclear. Gender is especially pertinent because many professional settings are still far from gender parity, despite...
While it is the ongoing growth in healthcare spending that has been making headlines, improving and maintaining healthcare quality is a critical goal of healthcare policy. In this dissertation I answer three questions relating to healthcare quality: does physician-hospital financial integration improves healthcare quality; how physician-hospital financial integration improves healthcare...
Habits are actions taken without conscious consideration of a goal. The distinction between habits and conscious, goal-directed actions has been made for millennia. Only comparatively recently, however, have results from biological psychiatry and neuroscience begun to shed light on the existence of separable neural circuits that underlie our intuitive perception...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains several epigenetic elements known as yeast prions. Our laboratory discovered the yeast prion [SWI+], whose protein determinant is Swi1, a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex. Formation of [SWI+] results in abolishment of multicellular features and a partial loss-of-function phenotype of non-glucose carbon source usage. Our laboratory...
This dissertation examines how preparing settlements for war (i.e. fortification) relates to the maintenance of power relations. Violence has psychological and physical effects that can lead to asymmetries of power and extreme forms of social inequality (Brumfiel 1998; Carneiro 1970; Earle 1997; Fanon 1968; Farmer 2005; Flannery and Marcus 2012;...
MAPK-interacting kinase (MNK) signaling leads to activation of cap-dependent mRNA translation through phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). In cancer cells, MNK-eIF4E signaling promotes translation of oncogenic mRNAs. In glioblastoma (GBM), the deadliest malignant brain tumor, MNK-eIF4E signaling is aberrantly activated and represents a promising therapeutic target....
In this presented study, rolling in micro scale level, termed as microrolling, has been advanced and extended its application to surface texturing and roll bonding. Meanwhile, continuous direct current (DC) is introduced to the processes to establish two new microrolling processes: the Electrically-assisted Roll Bonding (EARB) and the Electrically-assisted Microrolling-based...
Efficient and accurate processing of internally- and externally-generated information is enhanced by the presence of multisensory signals that can provide redundant information about percepts or events. However, efficient usage of multisensory signals requires implicit perceptual knowledge of the potential or likely relationships between signals encoded within each sensory modality. If...
Space, time and energy are the three most fundamental elements in our intellectual understanding of the physical world. Here, I found how these same elements also contribute to a stable and coherent representation that the motor system forms by combining information from different sensory sources, such as vision, touch and...
In this dissertation I pose a new puzzle about desire, one grounded in three plausible but jointly inconsistent propositions. According to the standard view in metaphysics, (1) all desires are dispositional states. Epistemologists, though, think that (2) we have privileged access to some of our desires. But (3) it is...
Moving away from fossil fuels requires environmentally friendly and economically viable alternative energy sources. A wide adoption of new technologies for energy production and storage depends on better performing materials. Computational methods, such as electronic structure calculations and machine learning, hold the promise to work in conjunction with traditional experimentation...
Services have been constantly evolving and operational efficiency has been a key initiative for progress. In this collection of academic papers, we investigate the efficiency of three different industry practices, to each of which we dedicate a chapter. Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 cover completed research, while the research covered...
Quantum information processing (QIP) is an emerging computational paradigm with the potential to enable a vast increase in computational power, fundamentally transforming fields from structural biology to finance. QIP employs qubits, or quantum bits, as its fundamental units of information, which can exist in not just the classical states of...
Intrahepatic islet transplantation is a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of Type-1 diabetes that offers the ability to restore endogenous insulin production. Widespread use of islet transplantation is currently limited by poor survival of transplanted islets due to the harsh environment of the liver portal vein, prompting investigation into...
My dissertation, “Talking Drum: Chicago’s WVON Radio and the Sonorous Image of Black Lives, 1963-1983,” studies WVON radio as a mediating institution of the black public sphere in Cold War Chicago. “Talking Drum” explores how WVON celebrated, represented, and mobilized black public life in the mid-twentieth century amid a dominant...
Reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) has enormous potential to become a paradigmatic model of individual differences. However, while its foundations in experimental genetic and neurophysiological research on nonhuman animals are among the strongest in personality psychology, it has perhaps not gained the foothold within the field that it deserves. It is...
Intelligent behavior in humans is largely associated with encoding information to discrete symbols. However, symbolic behavior in robotic systems is not widespread, mainly due to lack of tools that constitute symbol-based automation implementable in real time. This thesis proposes real-time algorithms that facilitate and promote symbol-based action and sensing. In...
In recent times, there has been a transition away from traditional engineering materials to more advanced materials that are multi-functional and exhibit improved thermomechanical properties. Much of the inspiration for these advanced materials comes from natural biological systems that fulfill the needs of diverse organisms through clever material organization and...
This dissertation examines the construction and regulation of over-the-counter derivatives markets before and after the 2007-2009 global financial crisis. It addresses two questions: How did the market for derivatives traded outside traditional exchanges grow so large and crisis-prone with so little public regulation? And, why, given derivatives’ contribution to the...
Paralysis resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI) is devastating, dramatically reducing the independence of affected individuals. Currently, functional electrical stimulation (FES), controlled by a patient’s residual movements, is used clinically to restore a limited range of voluntary movement. However, if FES could be controlled using signals recorded from the brain,...
Mounting public concern about a school-to-prison pipeline has put schools and districts under increasing pressure to reduce their use of suspensions, expulsions and arrests. Many are turning to restorative justice practices (RJP) as a promising alternative for addressing school discipline and improving school climate. However, implementing RJP in a high-quality,...
The electronic materials research driving Moore’s law has provided several decades of increasingly powerful yet simultaneously miniaturized computer technologies. As we approach the physical and practical limits of what can be accomplished with silicon electronics, we look to new materials to drive innovation in future electronic applications. New materials paradigms...
Supported metal catalysts find many important uses in areas including chemical production, petroleum refining and emission control. The catalytic behavior of a supported metal catalyst is influenced by size and type of reaction sites on metal nanoparticles. For many structure insensitive reactions catalyzed by the supported metal catalysts, smaller metal...
There is a need for alternative biomanufacturing solutions to produce novel medicines and help solve long-standing issues regarding difficult-to-treat diseases. Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) provides scientists with a new paradigm for producing proteins with an unprecedented freedom and control over the biomolecular machinery involved. In this document, I describe my...
This dissertation uses the case of Putin’s Russia to examine how authoritarian regimes build relationships with their societies in a way that strengthens authoritarian rule. In contrast to the existing scholarship, which concentrates on redistributive politics, that is, on the autocrat’s capacities to buy the loyalty of the masses, I...
The brain has a remarkable ability to rapidly adapt behavior. On the scale of development, the brain learns to control the complex dynamics of our limbs by forming and pruning synaptic connections. However, the motor system also learns on much shorter timescales, such as when learning to hit the bullseye...
Plasmonic chemistry is an emerging field of research that contains great promise for new chemical reactivity, but thus far has been improperly observed. The goals of using plasmonic chemistry typically revolve around the use of nonequilibrium charge carriers that migrate to the surface of a plasmonic substrate to perform redox...
Vegetation in dryland environments is often patchy in response to water limitation. This patchiness can take the form of periodic patterning at length scales much larger than that of an individual plant. Instances of patterns resembling leopard spots and tiger stripes are widespread in dry regions of Africa, Australia, and...
The mouse visual system has recently been shown to possess many of the properties observed in the visual systems of the classically studied carnivores and primates. An ever-expanding genetic toolkit has given researchers who study vision in mice many advantages unavailable in other species.
In this thesis I study the...
Polarized emission from aligned interstellar dust is both a crucial tool for studies of magnetism in the interstellar medium (ISM) and a troublesome contaminant in studies of the polarized cosmic microwave background. In each case, an understanding of the significance of the dust polarization signal requires well-calibrated models that accurately...
Prejudice based on a person’s low socioeconomic status (SES) has been largely understudied in social psychology. In my dissertation research, I argue that understanding a perceiver’s mental model of SES is crucial to explaining anti-poor prejudice. I borrow from work in anthropology to characterize two main mental models of SES—ascribed...
Makerspaces have become explosively popular in recent years. Many believe they hold promise as contexts for integrated STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and math) learning, meta-disciplinary skill learning, and promoting interest and equity in STEAM. However, we still know relatively about what is actually learned in these spaces, how interest...
The development of targeted therapies has revolutionized cancer treatment and markedly increased patient survival time and reduced mortality rates. Yet, some cancers still have few treatment options and remain deadly. In these cases, the development of targeted therapy is critical. Here, we investigated two cancers that lack effective targeted therapies...
Worldwide, youth living with perinatally-acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) are at increased risk for cognitive dysfunction and developmental delay. Effects of the virus, chronic inflammation, and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) during critical periods of brain development may disrupt normal cognitive development. Neuroimaging studies using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) allow...
Using interviews and friendship mapping with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and ally (LGBTQ+) community members as well as ethnographic observations, this dissertation analyzes post-gay LGBTQ community in River City, a small, Midwestern city. My findings reveal a formation I call ambivalent community: even as participants express a desire for...
Responsibility is a central political concept, yet the dynamics of contemporary political life call into question commonsense accounts of individual moral responsibility; it is difficult to ascribe responsibility to individual agents when faced with political dilemmas like global climate change. In response to this dilemma, this project engages two questions....
Online platforms for learning to code such as Coursera, CodeCademy, and CodeSchool attract millions of learners and significantly expand the pool of self-starting developers, yet critical gaps in knowledge and experience remain between inexperienced learners and professionals. With vast amounts of professionally-authored source code made readily available by the client-server...
Spindle formation in mammalian cells requires precise spatial and temporal regulation of the kinesin-5 motor proteins which generate outward force to establish spindle bipolarity. A growing body of work suggests that phosphorylation of kinesin-5 motor domains is an important regulator of their motor characteristics and function in cells. My thesis...
In this thesis I develop and apply techniques to the masses and eccentricities of tran-siting exoplanets from their transit timing variations. These techniques include both analytic and numerical means for measuring planet masses and orbits and assessing the robustness of the inferred properties. I apply these techniques to a sample...
Over the last 20 years a new field of amorphous transparent conducting oxides (a-TCOs) has developed. The amorphous nature of these films makes them well suited for large area applications. In addition, a-TCOs can be made at low temperatures and through solution processing methods. These assets provide promising opportunities to...
Evidence-Based Behavioral Practice (EBBP) is a transdisciplinary systematic approach that emphasizes the use of best evidence in combination with clinical expertise, as well as patient preferences and values, to make clinically-informed decisions about care and treatment (Spring, 2007). Despite numerous benefits and strong policy support of EBBP, findings indicate that...
Atom probe tomography (APT) was used to analyze doping and alloying in low-dimensional electronic materials including thin film heterostructures, van der Waals materials, and colloidal quantum dots (QDs).
Firstly, APT was used to reveal structure-property relationship for low-dimensional thin film semiconductors used in electronic and opto-electronic devices. APT was shown...
Carbonate minerals are integral to life on earth, as reservoirs for CO2 in the earth’s natural carbon cycle and as the skeletal elements of abundant organisms like corals and plankton. Because of its relevance, availability, and low toxicity, calcium carbonate is also an important model system for phase transformations in...
Whether in the Synagogue or the Greek Orthodox Church, worshippers are physically active throughout chanted prayer, exhibiting a variety of metrical interactions between their voices and bodily movements. Existing scholarship on rhythm and meter, embodied music experience, and ritual indicate that metrical synchronization is a fundamental mode of sonic and...
As type 2 diabetes requires complex self-management behaviors to avoid long-term complications, it is crucial that practitioners understand the psychosocial factors that may affect diabetic patients’ chronic disease self-management. Previous literature has identified depression and sleep disturbance as salient psychosocial factors that may impede self-management behaviors and lead to less...
The Escherichia coli ribosome is a 2.4 MDa molecular machine that consists of a large subunit and a small subunit, and is the key catalyst in gene expression, responsible for synthesizing proteins from amino acids in a sequence-defined fashion with impressive speed and accuracy. Expanding the repertoire of ribosome substrates...
The form and function of neural circuits are shaped by experience during critical periods of development. Recently, our lab discovered an important outcome of critical period plasticity in the visual system, namely, binocular matching of orientation preference, whereby initially randomly aligned orientation preferences become matched in individual cells. Following this...
Smartphone is becoming ubiquitous and its sales proportions have exceeded the sales of personal computer systems since 2012. The number of smartphones will increase and perhaps at an even higher rate in the coming years. The computational capacity and numerous mobile applications benefit end user's daily life. At the same...
As Power and Energy become the limiting factors for computer designs and systems, a holistic approach for tackling inefficiencies needs to be adopted. Computations need to be classified based on their importance and impact on the end quality, power consumption, and runtime so that the system can perform the needed...
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a significant public health issue. Previous research on the pathophysiology of depression in adults has demonstrated abnormal neural processing associated with depression symptomatology including alterations in reward and aversion circuits. Loss aversion (LA), or the concept that individuals evaluate outcomes based on losses and...
Efferocytosis is the anti-inflammatory removal of dying cells and cellular debris, occurring billions of times per person, per day as a part of homeostatic maintenance during natural cell turnover. Macrophages are major professional phagocytes of the immune system and are responsible for dead cell clearance during infection and injury. During...
Increasingly, people are engaging online and can participate in activities like searching for information, communicating with family and friends, and self-expression. However, some populations such as older adults, face barriers to online participation like device cost, access, and learnability, which prevent them from reaping the benefits of Internet use. Moreover,...